Do you get paid for med school residency

Do you get paid for med school residency

Author: aaparin Date: 27.06.2017

Skeptical Scalpel is a retired surgeon and was a surgical department chairman and residency program director for many years. He is board-certified in general surgery and critical care and has re-certified in both several times. He blogs at SkepticalScalpel. His blog averages over page views per day, and he has over followers on Twitter.

The assistant physicians will come from the pool of to graduates, mostly of offshore medical schools, who were unable to match to any residency. Assistant physicians would be expected to treat simple problems and could prescribe Schedule III [including hydroxycodone or codeine when compounded with an NSAID as well as synthetic tetrahydrocannabinol], IV, and V drugs. Opponents of the bill included the American Medical Association, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, and the American Academy of Physician Assistants.

Its government relations director and general counsel, Jeffrey Howell, said the new rules would be no different than those for older doctors. They just graduated from medical school and went back to the farming communities they grew up in, hung out their shingles, and treated people. Proponents of the bill felt that rural patients who now have no or limited access to medical care would be better off seeing med school graduates with 30 days of postgraduate training.

The damage will have already been done. Who will provide malpractice insurance for APs? Are the third-party payers and CMS in on this? What about the physician collaborators? Are they vicariously liable for acts committed by their assistants? A better solution for both the unmatched graduates and the patients would be for the state to fund more primary care residency training positions. I see there is good reason behind allowing people with all exams cleared to practice as assistant physicians, after all they are at least equal or better in their skill set to nurse practitioners and physician assistants.

I have noticed the ethnic background correlation between the program directors and the residents and in most of the cases they are Indians especially in the small communities. On several occasions I was told by these residents that they had connections.

For males with 10 years after graduation and without connection, it is impossible to get a residency spot. On other hands there are foreign graduate with over 10 years after graduation, low scores and multiple attempts that continue to get in residency programs.

Most of the Post-match or SOAP positions are already distributed for close acquaintances. I understand that the US graduate should have priorities in getting in residency programs, but the rest of us should have equal chances regardless of our ethnic background. Sorry for the delayed response. I was out of the country. Life is unfair at times.

I have no solution the the problem. I hope other states also pass this law. This was told to me by the chief resident in one the programs!! He told me that I scored higher than all of the others who interviewed with me but unfortunately there was nothing he can do! I am sorry you had such a bad experience. Assuming that what the chief resident told you was true, it means one program treated you unfairly. I am not sure how that indicts the entire system.

Same problem as others here except with five years of scut work in orthopedic research.

How to Get in, How to Survive, and How to Pay for Medical School

Mismanage, misdiagnose and one specialist surgeon who has even taken the wrong organ out! Many great inventions and ideas were born of terrible failure. The true test of how well you do is persistence not 50 diagnoses in 60 minutes x 8 blocks. Every country in the world I presume outside the US and Canada impose a mandatory non accredited year of training.

Going for an advanced degree is punishable in the US. As an addendum to the above comment. If good enough is just then make that the cut off point from the get go! Programs cannot interview applicants to fill 4 categorical positions. There has to be some way to screen, if not USMLE, then what? I am not aware of much nepotism in surgery. They use all their hospitals both accredited university hospitals and non accredited.

I think 1- either medical school should be five years with the last year an internship where one can sit for the boards that alone would open many doors for doctors to pursue even other non clinical paths and not come up overqualified or under qualified for something. The program where I was and still am scutt working three of the residents there are related to the big cheeses.

Btw I am not aware that there were three steps of USMLE prior to or residency training in some fields more than one year. You want med school to be 5 years? What about the tuition? So far the government has not done so. The feds are the ones who subsidize graduate medical education. The number of med school applicants is at an all-time high. New offshore schools are opening all the time. About med school grads did not match this year. Almost all of them were US citizen or non-US international graduates.

On my personal blog, I have been warning people about this for several years and it has come to pass. In my nearly 50 years in medicine, I never heard of a one-year residency leading to board eligibility.

There are several states that will allow you to practice with just one year of residency training. I agree standardized tests do not predict whether an applicant will be a good resident or a good attending surgeon. Since there are more applicants with good USMLE Step 1 scores than there are available first-year categorical positions in surgery, program directors use USLME as a screening tool. Probably not, but it is reality. How about a one year training and to move through pass the boards for FM before moving on?

The FM board will never approve sitting for the exam with just one year of training. I wish I could offer you some advice and some hope, but alas, I have nothing more to say. You sound like a smart person. The USMLE was implemented in please see here: As your link states, the USMLE began inbut before that the test was called the National Board of Medical Examiners NBME Part I, II and III. It was not much different than the USMLE.

I am writing to share a human experience which for a while I felt was insular and particular to me. Although I think of myself as an amiable person this has forced me to be withdrawn and introspective. Somehow those of us in my situation are forced into a paradigm shift that tugs at the very heart of ones identity. I propose that anything I suggest to my benefit and rightfully so would be otherwise binned.

It is sad to see so many in a similar situation to myself. Thank you all for sharing your stories. I completed 9 months of a transitional residency program and could not continue because of health issues and a program director who said he was not able to grant a medical leave of absence. My choices were to fight a termination board or resign from the program. I was in no emotional shape to fight and hoped to eventually get back on track, so I resigned.

In the context of complete transparency, I had some difficulties in medical school, but did not receive sufficient treatment to promote success during internship. The GME director stated he looked back at my record and said he could see someone who was barely treading water until I finally drowned. He admitted that I could be a good practicing physician, but would benefit from some additional training prior to entering a residency program.

Since I was in the military they kept me employed working in healthcare administration. Each has gone very well with at least one faculty member stating they would advocate strongly for me, but to no avail. Each time I have gone unmatched, the response when I contacted the program was I need to strengthen my application. The terrifying part is how to support myself and my family through an observership, what jobs are available and how to reenter practice after being away for so long.

Good luck to everyone here. To touch on another thread: In the match, only Have you not been applying to the right programs? Have you been able to talk to anyone about why you might not be matching? You mentioned Step 3 review. I am not sure that an observership will get you over the top. You need to find a mentor who can get to know you and guide you through the process. Would working as a pathology technician be of any help? I wish you all the best. Ok, I thought i should say something about the system regarding my experience with the match process.

I am US medical graduate who has attempted the match 3 times with no success. I decided not to throw the money away again this cycle.

I am half million in educational loans and am 38 yo male. They are genius because they score on usmle high enough separate themselves with people like myself. I believe the matching system is fair to a lot of us based on the criteria that set forth solely on usmle scores.

Where I believe the system is failing US Med grad is the educational loan system that allows us to borrow without accountability to medical schools that are benefiting most. Medical schools in the US should be held accountable for the med students that they are taking in and are training. I see it more as scum and detrimental to medical students who are in the bottom of the class.

How Much Salary Do Medical School Residents Get Paid?

This way student will not amassed so much in loan. This is what I call a dirty job of the system. I believe they should have some provisions specifying the accountability of medical schools. I believe everyone who has paid for a medical school training and has completed the medical training successfully by demonstrating a passing score in usmle step1 and 2 should be allowed to use the acquired knowledge on that specific level.

Usmle step1 and 2 are designed to see if the med student is able to work in supervised setting. Why not let those who have demonstrated they can work under supervision get job on that level?

Redick, I am so sorry to hear about your situation. I wish I could offer a constructive solution to your problem, but I have no idea what to tell you. SkepticalScalpel, thanks for prompt response, i greatly appreciate it. Having an MD degree without a postgraduate training is more like having a special needy child without social security benefits. Everywhere I go in trying to get a nonclinical job, they will read my resume or CV and will email me back with statement like I am overqualified for the position.

Some employers have asked me if I have been in jail for the Gap in my resume. I understand that I need more education to find a way to sustain life. I have tried to apply for PA schools last year and had no success. I had some of my rejection letters stating I am a medical doctor not a potential fit for PA career.

Some PA programs want me to go back to college again to take pre-med courses. This is just their way to tell me politely that I am not a good fit for their programs. Besides medicine I have no other skills that I can use to make living. I am broke like a fat pig and have no way to sustain life. I refused to become homeless. Last month I applied for food stamp and qualified for it. I will be starting next week a Job as UPS package handler that will pay me This is just my story that I put out there for people to read and to make a rational decision before going to med school, especially allopathic medicine.

If I were a program director i will do the same, i will pick the best applicants in pool of applicants and rank them accordingly. I set selected option jquery by index believe unmatched doctors must be given other opportunities to make use of their acquired knowledge instead wasting it in warehouse, grocery stores and research labs.

If fresh college grads will make 2 years in PA schools and become providers under a licensed physician why not a fresh college grad who made it to med schools and complete 60s binary option philippines systems successful in 4 years is not allowed to function at the same level? Having an MD degree without a residency is more like having a felony record.

I hope pre-med students who are marginals or below average will read my story to make a rational decision before embarking in medical schools trajectory. Med schools are there to fill their classes because they know the more students they have the more money they will make. They will tell you, they are non profit institutions but in reality they collect money from you.

I call it a scum. This fact needs to be addressed accordingly. Thanks for adding some more details to your story. I have been trying to say some of the same things on my personal blog, SkepticalScalpel.

Please let me know if I can do this. Awareness for future applicants to medical school trajectory needs to get out there to pre-med students. They put out a list of students who matched successfully, after hours stock market wiki unmatched.

It will be stock market report dow jones to pre-med students to have an idea of percentage of seniors and graduates of specific med school who started the process and how they did fare in match. This way pre-med students can make a rational decision to go to med school.

Please use my story as an awareness to those pre-meds who are marginals to start off. Because they are not held accountable and want to make money to keep the business going on. At least the system should hold these institutions accountable for tuition and fees if it were proven in court that the specific medical graduate did attempt to match to complete his training but failed.

These will force the institutions to share trading tips for intraday out potential academically and professionally unfit students out of medical schools before they accrue massive loans. This will be look as a fair and win win situation between the student and the institution. Please apply to cruise ship doctor or check Canada I really feel bad to read that injustice of the USMLE standard and regulation with no consideration wit People from here.

Good luck and keep applying in Match residency program even psychiatric will be a better option or internal medicine in NY or Florida. Carlos — unfortunately it is not possible to keep applying. There are time limitations on validity of the NMBE series — i. For all those will take only a couple of years, starting from the date the 1st step exam is taken. Step 3, taken during residency, is also required to pass to complete this NBME sequence. You must go through your GME program to signup and thus you have to MATCH AND FINISH a minimum few months of internship.

This means that no more than six calendar years can elapse -starting on the exact date you took 1st usmle — ending on the exact date you passed your step3 exam. No more than maximum 99 binary options trading platform wiki between those….

Limitation it only applies to kids like us who took step one in the second year of med school and then if too many years passed before you finish step three the whole series is void. Also you can never retake any USMLE exam that you passed!! So you cannot just start all over!!! Someone very close to me has this exact SAME story — even the worst details about the present lifestyle that you mentioned. I understand your struggle as I have been in a similar situation.

My suggestion would be to apply for a job in informatics field. I have successfully been working in the Health IT industry for about 5 years now and the pay is sufficient to help pay the loans.

It allows you to use clinical knowledge as long as you are somewhat computer savvy and have the interest to learn the IT side of things. I started working and had the company benefits of tuition reimbursement to attain MPH degree which helped me progress further up the ladder. I am the mother of a medical school graduate who has not matched in over 5 years.

She has student loans bill and other bills but no job. So money has been spent sending in applications to programs to no avail.

I am retired but have to be helping her to live. I am totally in agreement with the suggested legislation to allow these doctors to work under the guidance of other doctors until food lion stock market get their license.

My daughter did 2 years internship in a Caribbean hospital and gained a lot of clinical experience. Still she cannot get a job. The situation should be addressed in congress. I am sure you would have thousand of MDs without residency and their families attending that session and demanding that it must end.

Greetings everyone I am an ECFM certified MBBS 2 years training as a family physician with 16 years work experience overseas A US clinical expericine Currently, a medical advisor at a foreign country embassy A US difference between penny stocks and options Just bull option strategies I was talking to my classmate, she told that, she is practicing as a family physician in Canada after 6 months of supervision, she is in practice for 9 years now.

I am ECFMG certified and had passed the Step 3. I spent lots of time, efforts and 24 binary options scam applying to residency programs with no results. The Matching System is really bad and nobody wants to admit this. Programs, offering degrees for PA, require applicants to have two to four years of undergraduate coursework focused on science. They study medicine one year and have one year of internship.

Stock market with fake money completing the required programs must also pass the Physician Assistant National Certifying Examination, and they are ready to practice.

I do not feel that they know medicine better than any FGMD. It would be an alternative if FGMD, who had passed the USMLEs and ECFMG certified, are allowed to have an internship as PA and take the Board exam that will allow them to practice medicine as PA. I am in a similar situation like other FMGs. Did Anesthesia practice for last 22 years. Immigrated dead space 2 money cheat xbox 360 the USA last year.

Am already ECFMG certified in Now I am not even allowed to write the steps again. Was planning to apply for residency positions in September this year with my old scores.

I have extensive experience in Anesthesia and Critical Care. I can be an asset to the country if allowed to do residency and get a license. The big question though Would I get matched at all? I think the gist of this was how much more unfair it is to the US medical students who graduated in their native country, but who now cannot proceed in their native country at all.

It actually would be nice if reciprocal foreign nations honored the US medical degree, the way America honors the foreign medical school degrees, and offer a chance to relocate and use barclays stockbrokers cfds demo. It is your choice — as a foreign medical graduate — you chose not to practice in your native country or where you attended medical school.

There is no way this is even comparable to the original post matter. I am just trying to be clear because I think the hearing aid stock market is very clear. It really boggles my mind that the U. S government has not done anything to topple this problem. What Missouri is attempting to do is a step in the right direction but I think the issue is a lot simpler and should be acted upon on a national level instead.

First of all the U. S is almost the only country in the world that requires residency before allowing medical gradates to practice medicine. In most countries, doing one year of internship after graduating medical school is all you need to become a licensed GP. Medical graduates who attended U. S like programs are obligated to do 2 years of clinical rotations before they graduate. So, I think if we supplement that with one year of internship after graduating, we will prepare very competent physicians to tackle the serious shortage in physician-force in the U.

We have a surplus of well qualified physicians ECFMG etf in india stock market and US grads and shortage of primary care physicians in rural areas.

DO you need to be a mathematician to solve the issue???? I started a company to build rural health residency programs. I have applied for funding. They did residency there…in my opinion qualified to practice. I christian investing stock market beginners teach pharmacology.

I think a month is a little short. Florida lets medical school graduates enroll into hospitalist training programs I believe. And a lot if the funding had been cut. As a foreign graduate anesthesiologist with more than 15 years experience back in home and failed to get residency position in U.

S, I walt disney company ticker symbol your idea.

I am an Unmatched fourth ear medical student due to failing Step 2 CK twice. I know it is totally my fault and I plan on aiming for a on STEP 3 to help improve my chances of going through the Match again in PAs HAVE to work directly under a physician.

There is a lot of maturing many of us still need to do. Residency is a mix of a crucible and hazing ritual which we need to be tempered, so we can function properly under high stress, drowsiness, AND above all else to not fall into the traps of miss diagnosing.

I would never trust myself as is make the official call that a migraine is just a migraine and not possibly Temporal arteritis in an older woman. By the way, is anything who engaged in binary options I could do with my year off beyond getting a great score on STEP 3 and an MBA to improve my chances of matching into psych, family med, internal med or pathology my real 1.

Thanks for your candid comments. I agree with you. An MBA may not help that much. Maybe a year of research or working as a pathology technician would work. I stock market advice cramer you try to speak to some pathology PDs or maybe some pathologists at academic centers.

I am a Physician graduate in foreign country, also I living more than 20 years in Unites States, working all this time as a Tecnition or PCA, I have a lot practice in my country, I tried once USMLE step 1and I fail. Just wonder if it is any opportunity for us to do you get paid for med school residency as a PA? Physician Assistants are essentially able to do this with little to no training or experience. An MD without residency is better than a PA in my opinion.

There should be more options for MDs without residency because despite the expansion of residency positions, there are and will always be an incredible number of unmatched MDs. Its really sad that there are so many MDs out there that would love to work but cant match in the US, where there is a shortage. You apparently have never worked with a PA.

They get extensive clinical training. They must practice under the supervision of a physician. They do not go out into communities by themselves. There are no jobs for MDs without residencies. PAs have far less training yet there are plenty of jobs. At the end of medical school you are more trained than a PA or NP new grad…. Not to mention this would give the un-matched MDs clinical experience and hopefully enable them to match in the future.

I am an MD grad you matched, got through intern year, but for not so awesome circumstances have to leave residency before completion. I am informed that I am not able to get these positions due to billing regulations.

For the same work a PA can bill but a non-board certified doctor can not. Fix this problem and we will be able to get more patients the care they need, safely. You have a good point which I had not considered. Did you successfully complete a full year of internship in other words, a PGY-1 year?

If so, I believe there are many states that allow doctors who have done one year of training to obtain a license. I am all with Missouri. I hope other states especially snobby Californian, board of medicine, learn a lesson and stop their Medicine monopoly.

All these medical school graduates deserve to work and be able to put their long and hard earned degree into practice. No other country has such a non-sense Matching Game!!! This is the first I have seen of your response. They must be salivating at the prospect of the state unleashing a number of unsupervised doctors with one month of training on the public.

Maybe the medical industry should focus on this stat mentioned in the above article: I continuously read and see in the news how we have a shortage of doctors in this country…but its bunk! Or more accurately, we have a medical system that is designed to keep the number of doctors low in order to keep salaries extremely high. I am not a doctor, but my wife is an MD who for the 4th year now has NOT matched.

Though she is a American born citizen she is a foreign graduate from Charles University Prague, Czech Republic. I am a business professional of 25 years — no where in any industry I have I ever witnessed or encountered something evenly remotely close to the archaic and as messed up as the medical Match Program. No wonder the medical industry is riddled with more red tape than the Feds.

Anyway, I champion what Missouri did. It makes sense to pretty much everyone not in the medical profession. Now I must go back to helping find out what my wife is going to do next to help pay off her 6 years of student loans because some rigged system is keeping her out of the system…obviously the last 10 years of her life that she has devoted to becoming a practicing doctor is not going to pan out.

I have written about this subject on my personal blog [skepticalscalpel. However, there is a reason why physicians must complete residency programs. They are ill-prepared to practice straight out of medical school. I wish I could offer you some constructive advice, but I do not have a solution to the problem.

The number of medical schools is increasing as are class sizes in existing schools. Something has to give or there will be many more people in situations like your wife. It destroyed the life of a very good, very special human being whom I believe deserved much better than this tragedy in life. I am in the same boat as your wife. I made the decision to go to Mexico for medical school formerly the Fifth Pathway Programand feel like I have paid dearly for it.

I applied to a single medical school, was accepted, graduated, and returned to my hometown Houston. The degree of difficulty to get a paid job related to medicine after graduating, let alone a residency, was unprecedented. I even went back to graduate school and earned an MPH. I have yet to match. The financial and mental strain combined with the despair of not being able to score a residency spot to complete a few years of training is maddening.

I have been told over and over how impressive my CV is. Well, here I am; an outstanding candidate ready and willing to do whatever it takes just to finish and begin practicing medicine. All I set out to do, and I am sure your wife will agree, was to devote my skills and knowledge to serve the medical needs of society.

I hear trickles of stories of triumph; 1 or 2 people are finally able to get a residency after years of not matching.

What are these folks doing that I am not? There has to be a way to complete this goal. A few of my friends applied and recently graduated from PA and nursing school just so they could practice medicine in some capacity after not matching several years in a row.

I am not willing to go back to undergrad, spend more money, and then go to PA school. I have millions of degrees already. If anyone has any suggestions on how to get into the program Missouri has to offer, I implore you, share them.

do you get paid for med school residency

The dearth of residency training positions is both detrimental to the medical community incurring loans on meager salaries and promoting massive disparities for people with basic health care needs. I cannot express enough how willing I would be to work in a county hospital if it means I can complete my medical training and practice. There are masses of phenomenal doctors ripe for the training.

We just need to find someone who will take us under their wing, prepare us, and send us out to provide. I think it is a great idea. Rural area patients benefit a lot from this new rule.

I think these laws should be implemented in other states too. The training with a practicing physician should be hands on experience for a period of minimum of 6 months. Some new MDs are not matching because there has been no increase in residency positions.

Given that we have a shortage of physicians in this country and with the affordable care act, we need new options. The number of residency positions has increased over the last few years, but the number of medical school graduates from both US and foreign schools is still much larger than the number of available positions. How about the number of residency positions vs. I bet that is closer to 1: Can you help me understand why those grads still get sidelined.

I have a nursing background before i went to the medical school. But, i am more fearful of NPs due to my background and knowing whom they are and what kind of education they are getting. Even thought they are under the direct supervision per say, do you think is this really true? Personally, I am glad that MO is stepping up to this idea. This is a bad idea. My entire professional career was working with interns and residents at a teaching hospital affiliated with UCLA.

I know first -hand how little they know and how scared most of them really are.

The residency program is where they learn to be real doctors, book knowledge is translated to the bedside. They are mentored and guided in the residency program, this is where they shine or fail.

Your email address will not be published. Please enter an answer in digits: Facebook Twitter RSS Advertise About Us Contact Us Registration Log In. Practicing Without Residency Training by SkepticalScalpel Jul 21, ArticlesDoctor's VoiceHospital MedicinePop-Up on ArticleSkeptical Scalpel 66 comments Share this: Author Information click to view Skeptical Scalpel Skeptical Scalpel is a retired surgeon and was a surgical department chairman and residency program director for many years.

Skeptical Scalpel Skeptical Scalpel is a retired surgeon and was a surgical department chairman and residency program director for many years. In Missouri, med school grads can now practice without residency training.

What to do during a “Gap Year” Prior to Medical School - yvajotefihy.web.fc2.com Admissions Consulting

Did some legislator's daughter graduate from an offshore school and fail to find a residency? SkepticalScalpel on April 23, at 3: You may be correct, but how do you know that is true? Mike on March 7, at 3: SkepticalScalpel on March 12, at Gayane on May 16, at 7: Trapped on January 18, at So, please enough with the BS about the system being fare!

SkepticalScalpel on January 18, at Emms on December 20, at 1: SkepticalScalpel on December 20, at 2: Emms on December 20, at 2: SkepticalScalpel on December 20, at 4: Emms on December 20, at 4: Emms on December 20, at 5: Allen on November 18, at 6: SkepticalScalpel on November 19, at 4: Redick on October 5, at 8: SkepticalScalpel on October 5, at Redick on October 6, at 3: SkepticalScalpel on October 6, at 6: Redick on October 10, at SkepticalScalpel on October 10, at 6: I will let you know when I have posted the story.

Carlos Eduardo Calderon on October 12, at Rome on October 26, at 3: Limitation it only applies to kids like us who took step one in the second year of med school and then if too many years passed before you finish step three the whole series is void Also you can never retake any USMLE exam that you passed!! Foreign grads I believe can retake all over NOT sure. Dizzy on December 5, at 9: Hi Redick, I understand your struggle as I have been in a similar situation.

Rome on October 26, at 2: Mack on September 28, at 6: I am totally in agreement with the suggested legislation to allow these doctors to work under the guidance of other doctors until they get their license My daughter did 2 years internship in a Caribbean hospital and gained a lot of clinical experience. Suhair Ahmed on August 29, at 9: SkepticalScalpel on September 2, at 7: Not a bad idea. Unfortunately, it will never happen.

Rome on October 26, at 4: Yes Exactly the word that was going through my mind reading too Reply. SkepticalScalpel on August 25, at 8: Wase Qawi Abdul on August 24, at 9: SkepticalScalpel on August 24, at You are in a tough spot. I wish I could answer your questions. I am just trying to be clear because I think the distinction is very clear Reply. Fred on August 11, at 3: The issue is simple!!

Rebecca Fahey on May 29, at 3: Mary on June 3, at 2: Marcel Castor on April 17, at 8: SkepticalScalpel on April 17, at 3: Pedro Guerrero on May 13, at 5: SkepticalScalpel on May 13, at 7: SkepticalScalpel on April 4, at 1: Staci on April 17, at 2: SkepticalScalpel on March 19, at 8: Russel on March 15, at SkepticalScalpel on March 16, at A on February 27, at 7: SkepticalScalpel on February 28, at 7: Joe on March 14, at 1: SkepticalScalpel on March 14, at 2: Rome on October 26, at 6: Ji Kim on May 25, at Pam Griffin PA on February 18, at Then, it may take 5 or 6 years to graduate — but the M.

Submit a Comment Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Related Articles Will robots ever be able to perform surgery independently? Why Are We Still Surprised? Cutting Resident Attrition Rates. A tube misconnection and a death: Join our Facebook page.

Follow us on Twitter. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of the PhysiciansWeekly. The material on this site is for informational purposes only, and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment provided by a qualified health care provider. Elegant Themes ', ' WordPress ' ;?

inserted by FC2 system